The Working Principle of an Internal Gear Pump
The working principle of an internal gear pump (also known as a internal meshing gear pump) is primarily based on its unique gear design. This type of pump typically consists of a pair of intermeshing gears, one being an external (large) gear and the other an internal (small) gear, which are mounted within a pump housing and interlock with each other. Here is a detailed operational description of the working principle of an internal gear pump:
Initial State:
At the initial state, the spaces between the teeth of the two gears, as well as the space between the gears and the pump housing, are filled with the liquid to be pumped.
Gear Rotation:
As the external (large) gear and the internal (small) gear begin to rotate, the spaces between their teeth start to change. Since the two gears have a different number of teeth, the size and shape of the spaces between the teeth change as they rotate.
Liquid Suction:
During the rotation of the gears, the spaces between the teeth gradually increase, forming a negative pressure area that draws liquid into the pump from the suction inlet. This suction process is achieved by the continuous expansion of the spaces between the teeth, allowing the liquid to enter the interior of the pump smoothly.
Liquid Compression and Discharge:
As the gears continue to rotate, the spaces between the teeth gradually decrease, compressing the liquid and pushing it towards the pump’s discharge outlet. This process is achieved by the continuous reduction of the spaces between the teeth, effectively compressing and expelling the liquid from the pump.
Continuous Operation:
Since the gears rotate continuously, the suction and discharge processes described above are repeated continuously, thereby achieving a continuous flow of liquid.
Sealing and Lubrication:
In an internal gear pump, the intermeshing of the gears and the fit between the gears and the pump housing are precisely designed to ensure good sealing performance during operation. Additionally, the liquid being pumped can also serve to lubricate the gears, reducing friction and wear between them.
Flow and Pressure Regulation:
The flow rate and pressure of an internal gear pump can be adjusted by changing parameters such as the speed of the gears, the number of teeth, and the shape of the pump housing. These adjustments can be made according to the actual work requirements to meet different application scenarios.
In summary, the working principle of an internal gear pump is based on its unique gear design and rotation mechanism. By continuously rotating and changing the size and shape of the spaces between the teeth, the pump is able to draw liquid into the suction inlet, compress it, and then discharge it from the discharge outlet, thereby achieving continuous liquid pumping.
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