The types of hydraulic pumps used in excavators mainly include the following:
1. Gear Pumps
- Characteristics: Gear pumps are known for their simple structure, low cost, and reliable performance. They are often used in small and medium-sized excavators or as pilot pumps in larger excavators. The main advantages of gear pumps are their compact size, light weight, and good self-priming ability. However, they have relatively lower pressure and flow rates compared to other types of pumps, and the oil flow is not as smooth, which can result in higher noise levels.
- Applications: Gear pumps are commonly used in low-pressure systems, such as the pilot control system of the excavator's control valve, to provide hydraulic oil for the control of various actions.
2. Vane Pumps
- Characteristics: Vane pumps have a more complex structure than gear pumps but offer higher pressure and smoother oil flow. They are suitable for medium-pressure hydraulic systems. The main advantages of vane pumps are their stable output, low noise, and relatively high efficiency. However, they are more sensitive to oil contamination and require higher oil cleanliness.
- Applications: Vane pumps are used in some excavators that require a certain level of pressure and flow stability, such as in the hydraulic system of the excavator's arm or bucket.
3. Piston Pumps
- Characteristics: Piston pumps, also known as plunger pumps, are the most commonly used type of hydraulic pump in excavators. They can provide high pressure and large flow rates, making them suitable for heavy-duty excavators and high-pressure hydraulic systems. The main advantages of piston pumps are their high working pressure, good regulation performance, and high efficiency. However, they have a more complex structure, higher cost, and require higher manufacturing and maintenance precision.
- Applications: Piston pumps are widely used in the main hydraulic system of excavators, such as the hydraulic system of the excavator's boom, arm, and bucket, to provide power for the movement of these parts.
4. Common Brands and Models of Hydraulic Pumps in Excavators
- Kawasaki (KAWASAKI): Kawasaki is a well-known brand in the hydraulic pump market, and its products are widely used in excavators. Some common models include the K3V series (e.g., K3V63DT/BDT, K3V112DT/BDT, K3V140DT, K3V180DT), NV series (e.g., NV45, NV50, NV64, NV84, NV90), and KVC series (e.g., KVC925, KVC930, KVC932).
- Komatsu (KOMATSU): Komatsu excavators often use their own brand of hydraulic pumps. Some common models include the HPV series (e.g., HPV35, HPV55, HPV90, HPV160) and KPV series (e.g., KPV90, KPV100).
- Hitachi (HITACHI): Hitachi excavators use a variety of hydraulic pumps, including the HPV series (e.g., HPV125B, HPV125A, HPV116, HPV091, HPV102, HPV105, HPV145).
- Caterpillar (CATERPILLAR): Caterpillar excavators use high-quality hydraulic pumps that match their brand and technology. Some common models include the SPK series (e.g., SPK10/10), SPV series (e.g., SPV10/10), VRD series (e.g., VRD63), and A8VO series (e.g., A8VO107, A8VO160).
- Bosch Rexroth (REXROTH): Bosch Rexroth is a leading brand in the hydraulic pump market, and its products are widely used in excavators. Some common models include the A8VO series (e.g., A8VO55, A8VO80, A8VO107, A8VO160), A2F series (e.g., A2F23, A2F28, A2F55, A2F80, A2F107, A2F160), and A4VSO series (e.g., A4VSO40, A4VSO45, A4VSO56, A4VSO71, A4VSO125, A4VSO180, A4VSO250, A4VSO355)
